Evaporation: separating a dissolved solute from a solvent.
e.g. separating salt from water
The water will evaporate when the solution is 100 degrees Celsius and will leave the salt behind on its own.
For this, the equipment needed is:
Distilling: To separate 2 or more liquids
The new liquid that is obtained is called the Distillate
e.g. To obtain pure water from sea water: Pure water is the Distillate.
For Distillation, you need the following equipment:
Centrifugation: To separate insoluble particles from a liquid by speeding up the process of solid particles settling to the bottom.
The mixture is put into a Centrifuge where it is spun in rapid speeds and the solid insoluble settles to the bottom. You can separate it with decanting. This is simply pouring out the liquid.
Magnetism: To separate magnetic elements
e.g. To separate iron fillings from sand. You simply hold a magnet over a mixture with magnetic elements and the iron will stick to the magnet.
Filtering: To separate insoluble particles from a solvent
e.g. Separate sand from water. Simply put filter paper in a funnel and pour the mixture through. The sand will stay on the filter paper while the water will go through.
Chromatography: To separate a solution to get its most basic element.
e.g. separating colors from a mixture of colors
Funneling: To separate a liquid form a large insoluble
e.g. separating oil from water.
Simply open the tap on the bottom of the funnel to let the water flow out.
e.g. separating salt from water
The water will evaporate when the solution is 100 degrees Celsius and will leave the salt behind on its own.
For this, the equipment needed is:
- Source of heat (Bunsen Burner)
- Tripod
- Gauze mat
- Evaporating dish
- Beaker
- Heat proof mat
Distilling: To separate 2 or more liquids
The new liquid that is obtained is called the Distillate
e.g. To obtain pure water from sea water: Pure water is the Distillate.
For Distillation, you need the following equipment:
- Flask - To put the mixed liquids in.
- Beaker - To store the Distillate.
- Lie-big condenser - Condenses water vapor to cool it so that water can form.
- Source of heat - To heat the mixture.
- Thermometer - To measure the temperature of one liquid's boiling point.
- Water in/water out - These tubes are for cold water to travel into the lie-big condenser and cool the water vapor in order to condense it to pure water
Centrifugation: To separate insoluble particles from a liquid by speeding up the process of solid particles settling to the bottom.
The mixture is put into a Centrifuge where it is spun in rapid speeds and the solid insoluble settles to the bottom. You can separate it with decanting. This is simply pouring out the liquid.
Magnetism: To separate magnetic elements
e.g. To separate iron fillings from sand. You simply hold a magnet over a mixture with magnetic elements and the iron will stick to the magnet.
Filtering: To separate insoluble particles from a solvent
e.g. Separate sand from water. Simply put filter paper in a funnel and pour the mixture through. The sand will stay on the filter paper while the water will go through.
Chromatography: To separate a solution to get its most basic element.
e.g. separating colors from a mixture of colors
Funneling: To separate a liquid form a large insoluble
e.g. separating oil from water.
Simply open the tap on the bottom of the funnel to let the water flow out.